ايه رايكوا ياجماعة نراجع الفارم كله من هنا؟؟؟؟

[sarah ahmed]

شكرا جدا يادكتور احمد فرج على المعلومات المهمة دى انا لسه رايحة تانية حديث ان شاء الله بس استفدت بجد من كلامك وياريت تكملوا الفارما

[د سماسيمو]

شكرا على الموضوع الجميل دة فعلا الواحد محتاج يراجع منهج الفارما كلة بعد ما خلصناها

[ilovemasr]

spectinomycin

What is spectinomycin?

Spectinomycin is an antibiotic. It fights bacteria in the body.
Spectinomycin is used in the treatment of gonorrhea.
Spectinomycin may also be used for purposes other than those listed here.

What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking spectinomycin?

Do not take spectinomycin without first talking to your doctor if you have had an allergic reaction to it in the past.
Before taking spectinomycin, talk to your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease or other serious medical problems. You may not be able to use spectinomycin, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment.
Spectinomycin is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Do not use spectinomycin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant or could become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether spectinomycin passes into breast milk. Do not take spectinomycin without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take spectinomycin?

Spectinomycin will be administered as an injection by a healthcare provider.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since spectinomycin is usually administered as a single injection, missing dose is not likely to occur.

What should I avoid while taking spectinomycin?

There are no restrictions on food, beverages, or activities during treatment with spectinomycin unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

What are the possible side effects of spectinomycin?

If you experience a rare but serious allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of the throat; swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; or hives), stop taking spectinomycin and seek emergency medical attention.


Other less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to use spectinomycin and talk to your doctor if you experience:

• nausea;
• dizziness;
• soreness at the injection site; or
• fever.

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
What other drugs will affect spectinomycin?
Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking spectinomycin if you are taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medicines, including vitamins, minerals, and herbal products.
Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist has additional information about spectinomycin written for health professionals that you may read.

What does my medication look like?
Spectinomycin is available with a prescription under then brand name Trobicin. Other brand or generic formulations may also be available.

[ilovemasr]

i waited 4 someone 2 participate in this subject but no use....
anyway i will complete
other anti-bacterial agents..
SULFONAMIDES
Sulfonamides are antibacterial agents, meaning they are active against bacteria. Another term that may be used to describe the general action of these drugs is anti-infective because they are used to treat infections caused by certain bacteria
ACTIONS
The sulfonamides are primarily bacteriostatic, which means they slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria. This bacteriostatic activity is due to sulfonamide antagonism to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a substance that some, but not all, bacteria need to multiply. Once the rate of bacterial multiplication is slowed, the body’s own defense mechanisms (white blood cells) are able to rid the body of the invading microorganisms and therefore control the infection.
USES
1- urinary tract infections "caused by Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella-Enterobacter.
2- treat chancroid and acute otitis media
3- sulfasalazine used in rheumatoid arthritis
4- mafenide and silver sulfadiazine used in the treatment of second- and third-degree burns
ADVERSE REACTIONS
1- Agranulocytosis—decrease in or lack of granulocytes, a type of white blood cell
2- Thrombocytopenia—decrease in the number of platelets
3- Aplastic anemia—anemia due to deficient red blood cell production in the bone marrow
4- Leukopenia—decrease in the number of white blood cells
5- other side effects like anorexia, pruritus, stomatitis and crystalluria "crystals in urine"
CONTRAINDICATIONS
1- during lactation
2- children less than 2 years old
3- pregnancy "Pregnancy Category C" so If the sulfonamides are given near the end of pregnancy, significant blood levels of the drug may occur, causing jaundice or hemolytic anemia in the neonate
PRECAUTIONS
patients with renal and hepatic failure
INTERACTIONS
1- increase the action of anti-coagulant
2- The risk of bone marrow suppression may be increased when a sulfonamide is administered with methotrexate.
EXAMPLES
sutrim, septazole

[EmanAlex]

جميل ياريت تكملوا

[ilovemasr]

bedayatan i am soo sorry ya gama3a as i was soooo busy el ayam elle fatet deh
keda 7'alasna el anti-infectives
now we will discuss:
1- Leprostatic drugs
2- Antitubercular drugs
3- Antiviral drugs
4- Antifungal drugs
5- Antiparasitic drugs
deh el mawade3 el gededa we heya kolaha so3'ayara we 3ashan keda i hope en kol wa7ed haymsek category we yetkalem 3anno we ana hbd2 bel leprostatic drugs
LEPROSY
Leprosy is a chronic, communicable disease spread by prolonged, intimate contact with an infected person. Peripheral nerves are affected, and skin involvement is present. Lesions may be confined to a few isolated areas or may be fairly widespread over the entire body.
Leprosy also referred to as Hansen’s disease, is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae.

LEPROSTATIC DRUGS
1- Clofazimine
ACTIONS
Clofazimine is primarily bactericidal against M. leprae. The exact mode of action of this drug is unknown
ADVERSE REACTIONS
pigmentation of the skin, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
pregnancy and lactation "category C"
"may lead to pigmented baby if taken during pregnancy"
PRECAUTIONS
used cautiously in patients with gastrointestinal disorders especially diarrhea
INTERACTIONS
no significant
EXAMPLES
Lamprene "Novartis"
2- Dapsone
ACTIONS
bactericidal and bacteriostatic against M. leprae.
USES
1- leprosy
2- dermatitis herpetiformis "a chronic, inflammatory skin disease"
ADVERSE REACTIONS
1- hemolysis "destruction of red blood cells"
2- nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and blurred vision.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
1- pregnancy "category C" and lactation "cause hemolysis to baby"
2- anemia
PRECAUTIONS
used with caution in patients with severe cardiopulmonary disease and hepatic dysfunction
INTERACTIONS
no significant
EXAMPLES
Dapsone

[mohammad askar]

جزاك الله خيرا

[نور البحرين]

دي الوقت انا اتكلم عن Antitubercular drugs
ولا عن مجموعة تانيه؟